School of Computer Science and Mathematics

Dr. Robert Kipka

Assistant Professor

Robert Kipka

Kipka, R., & Gupta, R. (2019). The discrete-time geometric maximum principle. SIAM Journal
on Control and Optimization, 57(4), 2939-2961.
Kipka, R., & Ledyaev, Y. (2019). A generalized multidirectional mean value inequality and
dynamic optimization. Optimization, 68(7), 1365-1389.
Kipka, R. (2019). Optimality and viability conditions for state-constrained optimal control
Problems. In A.A. Khan, E. Köbis, & C. Tammer (Eds.), Variational Analysis and Set
Optimization (pp. 112 – 128). Taylor & Francis.
Kipka, R., & Gupta, R. (2019). A geometric approach for the optimal control of difference
inclusions. Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems, 31(2), 3.
Gupta, R., Jafari, F., Kipka, R. J., & Mordukhovich, B. S. (2018). Linear openness and feedback
stabilization of nonlinear control systems. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical SystemsSeries S, 11(6), 1103-1119.

Kipka, R. J., & Ledyaev, Y. S. (2015). Extension of chronological calculus for dynamical
systems on manifolds. Journal of Differential Equations, 258(5), 1765-1790.
Kipka, R. J., & Ledyaev, Y. S. (2015). Pontryagin maximum principle for control systems on
infinite dimensional manifolds. Set-Valued and Variational Analysis, 23(1), 133-147.
Kipka, R. J., & Ledyaev, Y. S. (2015). Optimal control of differential inclusions on
manifolds. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems-A, 35(9), 4455.
Kipka, R., & Ledyaev, Y. (2014). Optimal control on manifolds: optimality conditions via
nonsmooth analysis. Communications in Applied Analysis, 18, 563-590.
Egholm, R. D., Fischer, P., Feigl, K., Windhab, E. J., Kipka, R., & Szabo, P. (2008).
Experimental and numerical analysis of droplet deformation in a complex flow generated
by a rotor–stator device. Chemical engineering science, 63(13), 3526-3536.

Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimality Conditions in Geometric Optimal Control. Talk given at the
Upper Peninsula Regional Meeting of the MAA. October of 2019, Northern Michigan
University.
Exact Penalization and Viability in State-Constrained Optimal Control Problems. Talk given at
the International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics to the minisymposium
on Variational Analysis for Optimal Control and Inverse Problems. July of 2019,
Valencia, Spain.
Wolves, Orbits, and the Ergodic Theorem. Invited talk at a summer research experience for
undergraduates. July of 2019, Grand Valley State University.
Logistic Growth and Wolves. Department colloquium. February of 2019, Northern Michigan
University.
Wolves, Orbits, and the Ergodic Theorem. Talk given at the Upper Peninsula Regional Meeting
of the MAA. October of 2018, Michigan Technological University.
Discrete-Time Geometric Maximum Principle. Talk at the Midwest Optimization Meeting.
October of 2017, Oakland University.
Optimization and Geometry: Undergraduate Simulation and Current Research. Talk given at the
Upper Peninsula Regional Meeting of the MAA. September of 2017, Northern Michigan
University.

Discrete-Time Geometric Maximum Principle. Talk given at the SIAM General Meeting to the
special session on Optimal Control and Applications, July of 2017, Pittsburgh, PA.
Pontryagin Maximum Principle for Optimal Control on Banach Manifolds. Talk given at the
SIAM Conference on Optimization to the minisymposium on Nonsmooth and
Multiobjective Optimization with Applications. May of 2017, Vancouver, BC.
Pontryagin Maximum Principle for Control Problems on Infinite-Dimensional Manifolds. Talk
given at the SIAM Conference on Control and its Applications to the minisymposium on
Nonsmooth and Variational Techniques in Control. July, 2015, Paris, France. Organizer
for this minisymposium.
A Generalized Multidirectional Mean-Value Inequality. Talk given at the International
Symposium on Mathematical Programming to the special session on Optimization and
Variational Problems with Applications. July, 2015, Pittsburgh, PA
Optimality Conditions for Geometric Problems of Control. Talk given at the Joint Mathematics
Meetings to the AMS special session Set-Valued Optimization and Variational Problems
with Applications. January of 2014, Baltimore, MA.
Extensions of Chronological Calculus and Chow-Rashevskii Theorem in Infinite Dimensions.
Talk given at the SIAM Conference on Control and its Applications to the Variational
Analysis in Dynamics and Control minisymposium. July of 2013, San Diego, CA.
Extension of Chronological Calculus for Dynamical Systems on Manifolds. Poster presented at
the New Trends in Optimal Control summer school. September of 2012, Ravello, Italy.

Dr. Christopher Smith

Associate Professor

Christopher Smith

W. Abd-Almageed, A. El-Osery, and C. Smith, “Estimating time-varying densities using a stochastic learning automaton,” Soft Computing, 10(11):1007-1020, September, 2006
W. Abd-Almageed, and C. Smith, “Active deformable models using density estimation,” International Journal of Image and Graphics, 4(3):343-361, July 2004
N. Papanikolopoulos and C. Smith, “Issues and experimental results in vision-guided robotic
grasping of static or moving objects,” Industrial Robot, 25(2):134-140, 1998
C. Smith, S. Brandt, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Eye-in-hand robotic tasks in uncalibrated environments,” IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 13(6):903-914, 1997
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Grasping of static and moving objects using a vision-based
control approach,” Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems: Theory and Applications, 19:237-
270, 1997
Christopher E. Smith, Curriculm Vitae Page 7 of 11
C. Smith, C. Richards, S. Brandt, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Visual tracking for intelligent vehicle-highway systems,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 46(4):732-743, 1996

Invited Papers
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Derivation of depth maps through controlled active exploration,” Proceedings of the 31st Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, 1029-1038, 1993

C. Smith, “Anisotropic fractal snakes,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2014
P. Gilfeather-Crowley, C. Smith, and S. Youtsey, “Connecting visually-impaired people to friends
through wireless sensor networks,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2011
H. J. Min, N. Papanikolopoulos, C. Smith and V. Morellas, “Feature-based covariance matching
for a moving target in multi-robot following,” Proceedings of the Mediterranean Conference on
Control and Automation, 2011
R. Tomkins, T. Jones, R. Nertey, C. Smith, and P. Gilfeather-Crowley, “Reconfiguration and management in wireless sensor networks,” Proceedings of the IEEE Sensor Applications Symposium,
2011
C. Smith, “Fast tracking of natural textures using fractal snakes,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2010
C. Smith and H. Schaub, “Efficient polygonal intersection determination with applications to
robotics and vision,” Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robot
and Systems, 2005
W. Abd-Almageed, A. El-Osery and C. E. Smith, “A fuzzy-statistical contour model for MRI segmentation and target tracking,” Proceedings of SPIE, July 2004
W. Abd-Almageed, A. El-Osery and C. E. Smith, “A hybrid fuzzy-statistical contour model,”
SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, April, 2004
H. Schaub and C. Smith, “Color snakes for dynamic lighting conditions on mobile manipulation
platforms,” Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robot and Systems, 2003
W. Abd-Almageed, A. El-Osery, and C. Smith, “Non-parametric expectation maximization: a
learning automata approach,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems,
Man, and Cybernetics, 2003
W. Abd-Almageed, C. Smith, and S. Ramadan, “Kernel snakes: non-parametric active deformable
models,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics,
2003
S. Ramadan, W. Abd-Almageed, and C. Smith, “Eye tracking using active deformable models,”
Proceedings of the Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing,
2002
W. Abd-Almageed and C. Smith, “Mixture models for dynamic statistical pressure snakes,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2002
W. Abd-Almageed and C. Smith, “Contour migration: solving object ambiguity with shape-space
visual guidance,” Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robot and
Systems, 2002
Christopher E. Smith, Curriculm Vitae Page 8 of 11
W. Abd-Almageed and C. Smith, “Hidden Markov models for silhouette classification,” Proceedings of the World Automation Congress 2002, 2002
D. Perrin and C. Smith, “Rethinking classical internal forces for active contour models,” Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition,
2001
J. Dukesherer and C. Smith, “A hybrid Hough-Hausdorff method for recognizing bicycles in natural scenes,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2001
J. Wetherbie III and C. Smith, “Large-scale feature identification for indoor topological mapping,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics,
2001
C. Smith and D. Perrin, “HOLDeR: a layered system for vision-guided robotics,” Proceedings of
the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2000
D. Perrin, C. Smith, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Depth extraction for contours by monocular eyein-hand systems”, Proceedings of the 8th IEEE Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, 2000
D. Perrin, O. Masoud, C. Smith, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Using fast statistical dynamic contours for grasping occluding contours”, Proceedings of the 8th IEEE Mediterranean Conference
on Control and Automation, 2000
D. Perrin, C. Smith, O. Masoud, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Unknown object grasping using statistical pressure models,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and
Automation, 2000
D. Perrin, O. Masoud, C. Smith, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Snakes for robotic grasping,” Proceedings of the 1999 European Control Conference, 1999
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Using computer vision to guide robotic grasping,” Proceedings of the 1997 International Symposium on Industrial Robots, 18:13-18:27, 1997
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Vision-guided robotic grasping: issues and experiments,”
Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 3203-3208, 1996
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Theory and experiments in vision-based grasping,” Proceedings of the 34th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 4053-4058, 1995
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Using vision-based control techniques for grasping objects,”
Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 4434-
4439, 1995
C. Richards, C. Smith, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Vision-based intelligent control of transportation systems,” Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control,
519-524, 1995
M. Sullivan, C. Richards, C. Smith, O. Masoud, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Pedestrian tracking
from a stationary camera using active deformable models,” Proceedings of the IEEE/IES International Symposium on Intelligent Vehicles, 90-95, 1995
Christopher E. Smith, Curriculm Vitae Page 9 of 11
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Grasping of static and moving objects using a vision-based
control approach,” Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots
and Systems, 329-334, 1995
N. Papanikolopoulos and C. Smith, “Computer vision issues during eye-in-hand robotic tasks,”
Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 2989-2994, 1995
C. Richards, C. Smith, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Detection and tracking of traffic objects in
IVHS vision sensing modalities,” ITS America Fifth Annual Meeting, 1995
C. Smith, S. Brandt, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Robotic exploration under the controlled active
vision framework,” Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 3796-
3801, Lake Buena Vista, FL, December 1994
C. Smith, N. Papanikolopoulos, and S. Brandt, “Application of the controlled active vision framework to robotic and transportation problems,” Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on
Applications of Computer Vision, 213-220, Sarasota, FL, December 1994
C. Smith, N. Papanikolopoulos, S. Brandt, and C. Richards, “Visual tracking strategies for intelligent vehicle-highway systems,” SPIE Photonics East – Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems,
2344:234-245, Boston, MA, November 1994
C. Smith, S. Brandt, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Vision sensing for intelligent vehicle and highway systems,” Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Multi-sensor Fusion and Integration, 784-
791, Las Vegas, NV, October 1994
S. Brandt, C. Smith, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “The Minnesota Robotic Visual Tracker: a flexible
testbed for vision-guided robotic research,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on
Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1363-1368, San Antonio, TX, October 1994
C. Smith, S. Brandt, and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Controlled active exploration of uncalibrated
environments,” Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and
Pattern Recognition, 792-795, Seattle, WA, June 1994
C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Computation of shape through controlled active exploration,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 2516-
2521, San Diego, CA, May 1994

C. Smith and N. Papanikolopoulos, “Grasping using a vision-based control approach,” Video Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 1996

“Maze Runners II,” Mathematics and Computer Science Field Day, October 2018
“Escape the Balrog,” Mathematics and Computer Science Field Day, October 2017
“Maze Runners II,” Mathematics and Computer Science Field Day, October 2016
“Arduino Programming and Making,” Making and Learning Workshop: Pickford Community
Library, July 2016
“Arduino Aquaponics,” Aquaculture Challenge Kick-Off, February 2016
“Maze Runners,” Mathematics and Computer Science Field Day, October 2015
“Careers in Computer Science,” Upward Bound Career Day, July 2015
“Careers in Computer Science,” LSSU Career Day, May 2015
“Computer Vision,” Mathematics and Computer Science Field Day, October 2014
“Anisotropic fractal snakes,” IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics,
San Diego, CA, October 2014
“Fractal Mathematics Applied to Texture Tracking in Video Streams,” Annual Meeting of the
Michigan Section of the Mathematical Association of America, Sault Ste. Marie, MI, 2013
“Connecting Visually-Impaired People to Friends through Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE
International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Anchorage, AK, October 2011
“Segmentation and Tracking of Natural Patterns Using Fractal Snakes,” IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Istanbul, Turkey, October 2010
“Virtual Collaborative Environments for Distance Education,” 2008 E-Learning Research and
Development, Shanghai, China, March 2008
“Robotics,” Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement Competition, Spokane, WA, December 2007
“Snake Charming: Improving the Performance of Parametric Active Deformable Models,” Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA, March, 2006
“Efficient Polygonal Intersection Determination with Applications to Robotics and Vision,”
IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robot and Systems, Edmonton, AB, August
2005
“Key Research Challenges for Vision-based Guidance, Tracking and Robotic Grasping,” Toyota
Technical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, April, 2005
“Snake Charming: Improving the Performance of Active Deformable Models,” Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI, July 2004
“Color Snakes for Dynamic Lighting Conditions on Mobile Manipulation Platforms,” IEEE/RSJ
International Conference on Intelligent Robot and Systems, Las Vegas, NV, October, 2003
“Contour Migration: Solving Object Ambiguity with Shape-Space Visual Guidance,” IEEE/RSJ
International Conference on Intelligent Robot and Systems, Lausanne, Switzerland, October,
2002
Christopher E. Smith, Curriculm Vitae Page 11 of 11
“Current Research in Active Deformable Models,” UNM Imaging Workshop, Albuquerque, NM,
July, 2002
“Robotics,” Gifted Mathematics and Science Class, San Felipe Pueblo, NM, 2001
“A Hybrid Hough-Hausdorff Method for Recognizing Bicycles in Natural Scenes,” IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Tucson, AZ, October, 2001
“Large-Scale Feature Identification for Indoor Topological Mapping,” IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Tucson, AZ, October, 2001
“HOLDeR: A Layered System for Vision-Guided Robotics,” IEEE International Conference on
Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Nashville, TN, October, 2000
“Vision-Guided Robotics: Combining Computer Vision and Robotics Via Control,” Mathematics
and Computer Science Colloquia, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, February, 1997
“Vision-Guided Robotics,” Engineering Research Seminar, University of Colorado at Denver,
Denver, CO, December 1996
“Vision-Guided Robotics,” Department of Computer Science Colloquia, University of Colorado
at Boulder, Boulder, CO, November 1996
“Vision-Guided Robotics: Appropriate Combinations of Computer Vision and Control,” Robotics
Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, June, 1996
“Vision-Guided Robotic Grasping: Issues and Experiments,” IEEE International Conference on
Robotics and Automation, Minneapolis, MN, April 1996
“Theory and Experiments in Vision-Based Grasping,” 34th IEEE Conference on Decision and
Control, New Orleans, LA, December 1995
“Using Vision-Based Control Techniques for Grasping Objects,” IEEE International Conference
on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Vancouver, BC, October 1995
“Grasping of Static and Moving Objects Using a Vision-Based Control Approach,” IEEE/RSJ
International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Pittsburgh, PA, July 1995
“Application of the Controlled Active Vision Framework to Robotic and Transportation Problems,” 2nd IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, Sarasota, FL, December 1994
“Controlled Active Vision,” 5th DOE Industry/University/Lab Forum on Robotics for Environmental Restoration and Waste Management, Albuquerque, NM, August 1994
“Computation of Shape through Controlled Active Exploration,” IEEE International Conference
on Robotics and Automation, San Diego, CA, 1994